Eurasian red squirrel
Local area
Sciurus vulgaris, also known as the Eurasian red squirrel, can be found in the forests of Europe and northern Asia. In the last century S. vulgaris, the population density has changed dramatically. The species remained common in central Europe, but in Britain it is now largely extinct. (Noah 1991, Parker 1990)
Native Palearctic biogeographic regions
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Place of residence
Sciurus vulgaris lives in nests in deciduous and coniferous forests. These squirrels prefer to live in large mature trees that can provide them with plenty of food in the form of nuts or acorns. The trees chosen as nest sites often have hollows or large holes in their trunks that can be used as nests. A good nest can be used for many years, and individuals maintain several nests from which they can escape when a predator is chasing them. (Noah 1991, Parker 1990)
Climate Habitat Area
terrestrial biomesforest
Physical description
This species has more variation in coat color than almost any other animal in the Palearctic region. The color of these squirrels varies from red to black on the head and back. All people (except the completely melanistic) have white or cream fur on their stomachs. Like many other tree squirrels, S. vulgaris has long tufts of hair on the ears and long hair. In many places where they are common, such as Central Europe, the color of individuals ranges from red to black, and people with many different morphs live together. together. However, in some areas, all people may have similar colored coats. An example of a population of squirrels all of the same color can be seen in Britain, where only the red ones of this species live; and in the region of Sila in southern Italy, where only black people are found. The body hair of these squirrels changes twice a year, while the tail hair changes only once. Winter clothes cover more of the soles of the feet, have longer ears and are larger than wet/summer clothes. Hair loss and growth can be delayed or prevented by malnutrition, disease, or parasites in the spring or fall, when individuals typically grow. new clothes.
The size of the skull also varies by region. The average skull size of S. vulgaris populations increases from north to south throughout Eurasia. (Noah 1991, Parker 1990)
Other physical properties endothermic homoiothermic polymorphic bilateral symmetry
Sexual dimorphism
Average limit
600g
21.15 ounces
Year old
reproduction
When a female goes into estrus, males, usually from outside the group, gather at her home to compete for the chance to mate with her. When they mate, the male squirrels return to their home. Polygyne linkage process
The female Eurasian red bear gives birth to an average of two litters per year, usually 5 to 7 young. The gestation period is 38 to 39 days. Young people weigh 8 to 12 g at birth, are born hairless and blind. Their ear canals are not open and their ears are immature and lie on their heads. The eyes of young squirrels open after 30 days, then they are busy cleaning themselves and moving around the nest. After 45 days, the young leave the nest on their own for the first time. At this time, young people also start eating solid food. At eight to ten weeks, the cubs are weaned and independent, although they usually stay with their mother for some time. Young adults mature within a year. (Macdonald 1984, Nowak 1991, Parker 1990)
Main features of iteroparous reproduction gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious reproduction (different sexes) viviparous sex
Duration of birth
These squirrels breed twice in the summer, about 13 weeks
mating season
Eurasian red squirrels usually have two litters per year, one from February to March, the other from May to August.
Number of offspring
1 to 10
Average number of children
3 to 7
Average number of children
5
Year old
Pregnancy period
38 to 39 days
Long time until freedom
8 to 10 weeks
Average age at sexual maturity or childbearing (female)
1 year
Average age at sexual maturity or childbearing (female)
Gender: female
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